planting unit for a seeder with a locking member and a seed meter

专利摘要:
planting unit for a seeder machine a planting unit for a seeder machine having a meter with a measuring member that moves seed sequentially along a first path to a released portion in which the seed is moving in a first direction and a distribution system adapted to take the seed from the measuring member in the seed release and control movement position from the meter to a discharge location adjacent to a seed groove formed in the soil below the sowing machine. the distribution system, in the release position, moves the seed in a second direction along a second path. A locking member located adjacent the first path immediately preceding the release position prevents movement of the seed in the second direction until the seed has passed the locking member.
公开号:BR112013024396B1
申请号:R112013024396-1
申请日:2011-09-02
公开日:2018-12-26
发明作者:Elijah B. Garner；Michael E. Friestad；Nathan A. Mariman；Lee E. Zumdome
申请人:Deere & Company；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

“PLANTING UNIT FOR A SEEDING MACHINE WITH A BLOCKING MEMBER AND A SEED METER”
Cross Reference to Related Application [001] This application is partly a continuation of the patent application
US 12 / 363,968, deposited on February 2, 2009.
Field [002] The sequence refers to a planting unit for a sowing machine and more particularly to a planting unit having a seed and meter distribution system.
Fundamentals [003] Several types of meters have been developed which use an air pressure differential, both vacuum and positive pressure, to adhere seed to a measuring member. The measuring member collects seeds from a seed cluster and sequentially discharges single seeds. (In some cases, multiple seeds can be unloaded at a time.) A common type of meter is shown in US patent 5,170,909. In this, a seed disk 48 contained in a housing is used to measure the seed. The seed cluster is positioned on one side of the disk in a lower portion of it while a vacuum is applied to the opposite side of the disk. As the disk is rotated, individual seeds from the seed cluster are vacuum-adhered to the openings that extend through the disk. When the seed reaches a desired release position, the vacuum is terminated, allowing the seed to fall from the disc through a seed collector into a groove formed in the soil below.
[004] Flexible belts have also been used in an air pressure differential meter. An example is shown in US patent application 2010/0192818 A1. In this, a flexible belt having an arrangement of openings therein is movable along a path in a housing. a
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2/26 seed cluster is formed on one side of the belt. Vacuum applied to the opposite side of the belt over a portion of the belt path adheres seed to the openings, allowing the belt to move the seed to a released position where the vacuum is cut. The seed then falls off or is removed from the belt.
[005] When seed falls by gravity from the meter through the seed collector, it can be difficult to maintain consistent and accurate seed spacing at planting speeds greater than about 8 kph (5 mph). To maintain spacing accuracy, a seed distribution system that controls the seed as the seed moves from the meter to the soil is desirable. Such a delivery system is shown in US patent application 2010/0192819-A1. With such a distribution system, the removal of seed from the disk of patent 5.170.909 to the distribution system is difficult to achieve in a consistent manner. While seed withdrawal can be improved with the use of a belt meter, there is still a need for more consistent and reliable seed withdrawal from the meter to the distribution system.
Summary [006] A planting unit for a sowing machine is provided having a meter with a measuring member that moves seed sequentially along a first path to a released position in which the seed is moving in a first direction and a system distribution adapted to pick the seed from the measuring member in the release position and control movement of the seed from the meter to a discharge location adjacent to a seed groove formed in the soil below the sowing machine. The distribution system, in the release position, moves the seed in a second direction along a second path. A locking member or guide located adjacent to the first path immediately preceding the release position prevents
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3/26 movement of the seed in the second direction until the seed has passed through the blocking member.
Brief Description of the Drawings [007] Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a common agricultural planter.
[008] Fig. 2 is a side perspective view of a planting unit frame, seed distribution system and meter.
[009] Fig. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the distribution system and meter drives.
[0010] Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the meter with the cover open, illustrating the measuring member.
[0011] Fig. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the
Fig · 4.
[0012] Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the measuring member of the
Fig · 4.
[0013] Fig. 7 is a lateral cross section of the measuring member of Fig. 6 illustrating the orientation of the measuring member installed in a meter mounted to a planting unit.
[0014] Fig. 8 is a fragmentary cross section of an alternative measuring member.
[0015] Fig. 9 is an elevational view of the interior of the measuring member of Fig. 6.
[0016] Fig. 10 is a side sectional view of the seed distribution system and measuring member.
[0017] Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the seed removal from the measuring member distribution system including the brush belt of the distribution system.
[0018] Fig. 12 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 11 without the timing belt brush.
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4/26 [0019] Fig. 13 is a schematic illustration of the seed input direction for the brush belt.
[0020] Fig. 14 is a schematic illustration of the direction of travel of the seed in the measuring member and in the distribution system in the seed release position of the measuring member.
[0021] Fig. 15 is a side sectional view of the dispensing system and measuring member on removal without the brush belt.
[0022] Fig. 16 is a perspective view from the inside of the meter housing.
[0023] Fig. 17 is a side sectional view of the meter housing and measuring member illustrating the seed cluster formed by the measuring member and housing.
[0024] Fig. 18 is a side sectional view similar to Fig. 17 illustrating a prior art meter with a disk measuring member.
[0025] Fig. 19 is a perspective view of the lower end of the distribution system.
[0026] Figs. 20 and 21 are perspective views of an alternative measuring member.
[0027] Fig. 22 is a schematic view of another arrangement of the seed and meter distribution system.
[0028] Fig. 23 is a perspective view of the Fig. 22 meter partially disassembled.
[0029] Fig. 24 is a perspective view of the meter as seen along line 24-24 in Fig. 23.
[0030] Fig. 25 is a perspective view of the vacuum collector of the meter of Fig. 23.
[0031] Fig. 26 is a sectional view of the intermediate pulley assembly structure of the seed meter of Fig. 23.
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5/26 [0032] Fig. 27 is a plan view of a vacuum control member on the meter of Fig. 23.
[0033] Fig. 28 is a perspective view of the cover of the meter housing of the meter of Fig. 23.
[0034] Fig. 29 is a perspective view of the upper end of the meter in Fig. 23.
[0035] Fig. 30 is a perspective view showing the meter of the
Fig. 23 in relation to the seed distribution system.
Detailed Description [0036] An agricultural sowing machine 10 is shown in Fig. 1 as a row crop planter. The sowing machine 10 has a central frame 12 on which a plurality of individual planting units are mounted 14. The sowing machine 10 has a front to back direction shown by arrow 15 and a transverse direction shown by arrow 17. Each planting unit 14 is coupled to the central frame 12 by a parallel connection 16 so that the individual planting units 14 can move up and down to a limited degree relative to the frame 12. Large storage tanks 13 hold seed that is distributed in a manner pneumatic for a mini load funnel in each planting unit. Each planting unit 14 has a frame member 18 (Fig. 2) on which the components of the planting unit are mounted. The frame member 18 includes a pair of upright arms 20 at the front end thereof. The arms 20 are coupled to the rear ends of the parallel connection 16. Groove discs (not shown) are attached to the shaft 22 in a known manner to form an open groove in the soil below the seeder in which the seed is deposited. Packing and closing wheels (not shown) are also mounted to the frame member 18 in a manner known to close the furrow over the deposited seed and to firm the soil in the closed furrow. A 24 meter and
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6/26 a seed distribution system 400 is also attached to the frame member 18 of the planting unit.
[0037] Meter 24 includes a housing 30 (Fig. 3) and a cover 34. Housing 30 and cover 34 are coupled together by complementary articulation features 36 and 38 (see Fig. 5) in the housing and in coverage respectively. The hinge feature 36 includes a pivot pin 37 coupled to the housing while feature 38 is a fully formed hook that coils around the pivot pin allowing the pivot cover 34 around the pin 37 axis. An elastomeric lock member 40 it is coupled to the housing 30 and has an enlarged portion 42 which is seated in a socket 44 formed in the cover to keep the cover in a closed position in the housing 30.
[0038] The housing 30 is formed with a second hinge element in the form of a pivot pin 46 (Fig. 3). The pivot pin 46 is seated on a hook member 48 (Fig. 4) of the mounting frame 50 attached to the frame member 18. This allows the meter 24 to pivot in relation to the planting unit frame member 18 around an axis 52. A drive spindle 54 is carried by the housing 30 and has a drive hub 56 (Fig. 5) at the end of it. The spindle 54 is coupled to the output shaft 58 of the electric motor 60 to drive the meter when in the assembled position shown in Fig. 3. The meter 24 is coupled to the distribution system by a locking mechanism 68 including a metal rod 70 having a hook at one end seated in an opening in the meter housing 30 when locked. The delivery system additionally has a mounting hook 72, shown partially in Fig. 2, which attaches to the planting unit frame member 18 to support the delivery system.
[0039] The distribution system 400 is driven by an electric motor 80, also transported by the mounting frame 50. The
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7/26 motor output 80 is connected to the distribution system via a shallow-angle drive 82. While electric motors have been shown to drive both the meter and the seed distribution system, it will be perceived by the person skilled in the art that other types of engines, such as hydraulic, pneumatic, etc. can be used as well as various types of mechanical drive systems.
[0040] With reference to Fig. 6, a measuring member 100 of the meter is shown in greater detail. This measuring member 100 is shown as a single piece, body shaped in a concave basin. The bowl-shaped body has a base portion 102 from which extends a side wall 104. The side wall 104 ends at an outer edge 106. The side wall has a radially inner surface 108 and a radially outer surface 110. Adjacent to the outer edge 106, the side wall has a rim portion 112 shown by the support in Fig. 6. The rim portion 112 extends radially outwardly and axially towards outer rim 106. In the rim portion 112, there is an annular arrangement of openings 114 that extends through the side wall between the inner and outer surfaces 108 and 110. The measuring member 100 is mounted in the meter housing for rotation in the direction of arrow 118 in Fig. 6. In operation, as the measuring member rotates, individual seeds from a seed cluster 120 located on a bottom portion of the measuring member are adhered to the openings 114 on the inner surface 108 of the sidewall and sequentially transported upwards to a released position 164 in an upper portion of the measuring member. Thus, the inner surface is also known as the seed side of the measuring member. A series of elevated projections or features, such as blocks 116, extend from the inner surface 108 of the side wall 104 typically with a block located behind each opening 114 in the direction of rotation. Each block forms a confrontation surface 124 behind
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8/26 of the associated opening in the direction of rotation to propel the seed adhered to the opening into the distribution system as described above. As explained above, it is the ring portion 112 of the measuring member that performs the function of removing individual seeds from the seed cluster and sequentially moving seed to the release position to supply seed individually to the seed distribution system 400. [0041 ] The base portion 102 of the measuring member contains a centrally driven opening 130 (Fig. 5) used to mount the measuring member on a rotating drive hub 56 for rotation around axis 132 in a similar manner to mounting a a flat seed disk in a meter as is well known. When mounted on housing 30, measuring member 100 cooperates with the housing to form a passageway to maintain seed cluster 120 as described more fully below. The axis 132 is inclined both to a horizontal plane as well as to a vertical plane that extends forwards and backwards from the sowing machine and vertically towards a plane that extends transversely to the sowing machine.
[0042] With reference to Fig. 7, the measuring member 100 is shown in a sectional view. The base portion 102 is generally planar while the rim portion 112 of the inner surface of the side wall 104 is enlarged outwardly, i.e., extending both radially outwardly and axially. As shown in Fig. 7, the rim portion is conical. Alternatively, as shown in Fig. 8 in conjunction with a measuring member side wall 104 ', the inner surface rim portion of the side wall 112 may be spherical in shape. In addition, while the rim portion 112 has been shown to be enlarged outwardly, the rim portion in general may be cylindrical without any outward enlargement, i.e., extending only axially.
[0043] The measuring member 100 can be formed as a part
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9/26 or constructed of multiple parts. The measuring member can be molded from plastic more easily such as polycarbonate, nylon, polypropylene or urethane. However, other plastics can be used as well as other materials such as metal, etc. The measuring member 100 is sufficiently rigid to be self-supporting without additional support structure. This is in contrast to the flexible belt measuring member shown in US patent 2,960,258 where the belt member is preferably of a flexible elastomeric material and is supported within a support ring. Being self-sustaining, the measuring member does not need any support structure to maintain a shape. As a self-supporting, the measuring member may be rigid or the measuring member may be flexible to change shape when acted in a manner similar to the flexible seed disk of US Patent No. 7,661,377.
[0044] As previously mentioned, the measuring member
100 can be mounted to a drive hub through the central drive opening 130 in the base portion 102. Mounting through the central drive opening 130 provides both mounting support for the measuring member as well as the rotating drive of the measuring member.
[0045] Alternatively, the support for the measuring member can be provided on the external surface of the side wall. A groove can be formed on the outer surface of the side wall to receive rollers that support the measuring member. If the groove is also formed with drive teeth, one of the rollers can be driven by a motor to rotate the measuring member. With such possible alternative arrangements, it is not necessary for the measuring member to have a base portion. The seed measurement function is performed by the side wall and thus the side wall is the only necessary portion of the measuring member.
[0046] As shown in Fig. 7, the measuring member 100, when
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10/26 mounted on the meter housing, is oriented at a vertical slope as shown. In this orientation, the openings 114 are on a plane 150 inclined at an angle a to the vertical. In this orientation, an upper portion 148 of the measuring member is suspended or extends beyond a lower portion 154. As described above, this allows access to the upper portion 148 of the measuring member for the mechanical seed delivery system 400. As shown, angle a is approximately 24 °. However, any angle will be sufficient as long as the upper portion 148 extends beyond the lower portion sufficiently for access to the seed delivery system from below the measuring member in the seed release position.
[0047] The seed cluster 120 is formed at the bottom of the measuring member 100 as shown in Fig. 9. Vacuum is applied to the outer surface 110, causing individual seeds to adhere to the openings 114 while the openings travel through the seed cluster. seed. As the measuring member rotates as shown by arrow 118, the seed is moved upwards to a released position 164 in the upper portion 148 of the measuring member. The release position is just beyond the top or 12 o'clock position on the circular seed travel path such that the seed is moving somehow downwards in the release position. This facilitates the entry of seed into the distribution system as more fully described below. Also, passing the top point of the path, the distribution system is displaced from the center in relation to the measuring member, providing clearance between the distribution system and the meter drive. In the release position 164, the inner surface of the rim portion of the measuring member faces downwards such that seed is adhered below the measuring member or is hung from the measuring member. See Fig. 10. The seed distribution system 400 is also positioned below the upper portion of the
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11/26 measuring member in release position 164 to pick the seed from the measuring member as shown in Fig. 10.
[0048] The delivery system 400 includes a housing 402 having a left side wall 404 (see Fig. 19) and a right side wall 406 (see Fig. 3). The terms left and right are used in relation to the direction of travel of the seeder shown by arrow 408. Connecting the right and left side walls together is an edge wall 410. An upper opening 416 is formed in the edge wall and side walls to allow seeds to enter housing 402. A lower opening 418 is provided at the lower end which forms a discharge location 413 for the seed. A pair of pulleys 420 and 422 are mounted within housing 402. The pulleys support a belt 424 for rotation within the housing. One of the two pulleys is a drive pulley while the other pulley is an intermediate pulley. The belt has a flexible base member 426 for engaging the pulleys. Elongated bristles 428 extend from the base member 426. The bristles are joined to the base member at proximal or radially internal ends of the bristles. Distal or radially external ends 430 of the bristles touch or are close to touching the internal surface of the edge wall of housing 410.
[0049] As shown at the top of Fig. 10, a seed 152 is in the release position in the measuring member 100 and has been inserted into the bristles 428 of the distribution system. In the release position, the rim portion 112 of the measuring member side wall 104 is generally tangent to the stationary inner surface 412 through which the brush bristles 428 pass. The surface 412 is in a locked portion 66 of the housing 30. The surface 412 is a continuation of the inner surface 414 of the distribution system housing 402. Once the seed is captured in the distribution system, the seed moves in the direction of the shown by arrow 417. The direction of seed displacement immediately by capture by the
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12/26 distribution system 400 is shown by vector 438.
[0050] Prior to the release of the seed from the measuring member, the seed is moving in the direction of vector 160 which is slightly downward towards bristles 428. With reference to Fig. 13, vector 160 of the seed direction is in a angle 161 of about 60 ° to the length of bristles 428 shown by arrow 176. As shown in Fig. 11, the brush belt is positioned so that the seed enters the bristles at the corner of the brush belt. The brush can be positioned so that the seed enters the brush through the distal ends of the bristles or through the side of the bristles.
[0051] The relationship between the seed direction vector 160 on the measuring member and the seed direction vector 438 when the seed is first on the brush belt is shown in Fig. 14 illustrating the two vectors in the plane that contains both vectors in the release position 164. The angle 163 between the vectors is at least 35 ° and preferably between 50 ° and 80 °. This shows the transverse feed of the seed to the bristles, which means that the seed, before the release position is moving substantially in a different direction than the brush bristles are moving. This is in contrast to the arrangement shown in Fig. 3 of the aforementioned US patent application 2010/0192819-A1 where the seed on the measuring disc in the release is moving in substantially the same direction as the brush bristles. This is also the ratio by which the bristles pass over the inner surface of the side wall in relation to the direction of displacement of the seed.
[0052] Figs. 11 and 12 show a locking member 162 carried by meter housing 30. Locking member 162 is positioned adjacent to a seed displacement path 152 leading to release position 164 and prevents movement of the seed from the measuring member before reaching the release position. Once the
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13/26 end has passed the end 174 of the blocking member 162, the seed is free to move with the brush bristles towards the vector 438 in Fig. 10. The blocking member ensures that the seed is fed steadily to the brush belt in the center of the belt, in the width direction, instead of allowing the seed to enter the belt in random positions across the belt width. As shown in Fig. 15, the locking member is located below the side wall 104 of the measuring member 100 between blocks 116 and the outer edge 106 of the measuring member. The confrontation surface 124 of blocks 116 drives seed to the brush bristles. The blocks or projections 116 travel additionally to the brush bristles, that is, deeper into the bristles from the distal ends, as the projections cross the width of the brush as seen in Fig. 11. Once the seed is in the brush bristles, the seed is swept over the inner surface of the measuring member, from the openings 114 to the outer edge 106 of the measuring member in the direction of vector 438. The distribution system can be arranged to sweep the seed in the direction opposite, that is, away from the outer edge 106 of the measuring member.
[0053] To additionally ensure the consistent release of the seed from the measuring member and withdrawal to the distribution system, an ejector 166, loaded by the cover 34 is on the outer surface of the rim portion of the measuring member. See Figs. 11, 12 and 15. Ejector 166 is in the form of a star wheel having a number of projections 168. Projections 168 extend to openings 114 from outer surface 110 of side wall 104 and force seed out of openings 114 The ejector is rotated by rotating the measuring member 100 due to the projections 168 that engage the openings 114. The ejector is mounted to the cover 34 by means of a pivot arm 170 and support 171. The ejector 166 is ordered against the member measuring by a spring 172.
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14/26 [0054] Turning attention now to Fig. 4, a flexible seal 180 is shown on the inner side of the cover 34. This seal rests against the outer surface 110 of the measuring member 100 forming a vacuum chamber within the 182 inside the seal. A first portion 184 of the seal is spaced radially further out on the measuring member than is the second portion 186 of the seal. In the area of the seal of the first portion 184, vacuum is applied to the openings 114, causing seeds to adhere to it. There is no vacuum applied to the adjacent openings and outside the seal of the second portion 186. A port 188 on the cover 34 is adapted to connect the interior of the cover to a vacuum source in a manner known for a vacuum seed meter. The seed release position 164 is within the vacuum chamber. Thus, the brush belt and the ejector are working in opposition to the vacuum applied to the openings 114 to release the seed from the measuring member.
[0055] With reference to Fig. 16, The interior of the housing 30 is shown. The housing includes a central protrusion 302 for drive spindle 54. The housing also includes an opening 304 for receiving seed from the loading minifunnel, not shown, mounted to the outside of the housing and surrounding opening 304. Below opening 304 , the housing wall forms a ramp 306 extending downwardly towards the lower end 308 of the housing. The ramp cooperates with the inner surface 108 of the measuring member to maintain the seed cluster 120. The housing includes an inward projection 310 forming a cavity 314 (Fig. 17) on the outside of the housing for which the upper end is the system 400 is positioned. The projection is opened at the upper end, forming an observation opening downwards 312 from the inside of the housing to the outside. This opening 312 allows the brush belt 424 to access the inner surface 108 of the measuring member and to transport the seed from the housing.
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15/26 [0056] Fig. 17 illustrates the orientation of the measuring member and the cooperation of the housing 30 and measuring member 100 to form a passage for the seed cluster 120 at the lower end of the measuring member. Fig. 17 shows the orientation of the measuring member when the seeder 10 is at ground level. At the lower end of the measuring member, the side wall 104 is inclined to the vertical such that the inner surface 108 is at an angle to a vertical vector 126. As illustrated in Fig. 17, the inner surface is approximately 21 ° a from the vertical. The orientation of the housing adjacent to the measuring member, forming the other side of the passage, is not critical. Seed from the seed cluster 120 sits on top of the inner surface 108 and a component of the force of gravity is perpendicular to the inner surface 108. When operating on a hill side, whether the meter is tilted clockwise or counterclockwise, as seen in Fig. 17, the inner surface 108 remains tilted and gravity still has a component perpendicular to the inner surface. This is in contrast to a typical disc meter shown in Fig. 18 with a vertically oriented disc 320 that cooperates with a housing wall 322 to form a seed cluster 324. If this meter is tilted counterclockwise as noted, seed from the cluster will still lean against the disc. However, if the meter is tilted clockwise, seed from the cluster will fall away from the disk, allowing for decreased measurement performance in terms of the seed being collected by the disk. The evaluation of the meter showed improved meter performance on a hill when the angle d is as small as 5 and as large as 75 °. Best performance is achieved when the angle d is between 10 ° and 50 ° while the optimum performance is in the range of 20 ° to 40 °. This last strip provides considerable inclination of the meter on a hill in any direction before the
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16/26 performance starts to decrease.
[0057] At the upper end of the measuring member, in the release position 164, the inner surface 108 has an angle f for a vertical vector downwards 128 in the range of 50 ° to 90 ° with the nearest 90 ° being the best for removing the seed from the measuring member to the brush belt. As shown, the angle f is approximately 68 °. The different orientations of the inner surface 108 in relation to the vertical in the seed passage and in the release position are achieved with a measuring member, that is, rigid. Such variation is not possible with the flat disc measuring member shown in Fig. 18.
[0058] As described above, the seed is adhered to the openings 114 in the measuring member due to the vacuum applied to the external surface of the measuring member creating a pressure differential on opposite sides of the measuring member. As an alternative to vacuum on the outer side of the measuring member, the pressure differential can be created by a positive pressure between the housing 30 and the measuring member 100. Such a system may require seals between the measuring member 100 and the housing 30 to create a positive pressure chamber. In a positive pressure arrangement, the cover 34 serves only as a cover for the rotating measuring member.
[0059] It is possible that more than one seed is adhered to a given opening 114. To prevent more than one seed at a time from being transferred to the brush belt, a pair of double or single eliminators are attached to the housing 30 along the seed path from the seed cluster to release position 164. The singular ones are in the form of brushes 330 and 332 (Figs. 5 and 9). The brush 330 has bristles that extend substantially axially and brush seed in the openings 114 by inward extension from the outer edge 106 of the measuring member. The brush bristles 330 are of variable length,
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17/26 to engage the seed at various discrete locations along the length of brush 330. Brush 332 has bristles that extend substantially radially and engage the inner surface of the measuring member side wall within blocks 116 and extend along from the side wall to the openings 114. Both brushes 330 and 332 act to slightly disturb seeds in the opening and cause excess seed to fall out. Once removed, the excess seed falls back into the seed cluster 120. The brushes can be fixed in position or they can be adjusted to change the degree to which the disturbed seed is brushed on the measuring member. A third brush 334 is shown which generally extends radially from the measuring member. The brush 334 serves to define a limit for the seed cluster 120. The brushes 330, 332 and 334 are mounted to the housing 30.
[0060] Turning again to Fig. 10, once the seed is captured or trapped in bristles 428, the distribution system controls the movement of the seed from the meter to the discharge location. The seeds are kept in the bristles such that the seeds cannot move vertically in relation to the bristles 428 or in relation to other seeds in the distribution system. In particular, during the movement of the seeds along the vertical side of the distribution system, the seeds are kept at least at the top and bottom of the seeds to avoid any relative movement between the seed and the brush belt. Thus, the relative position of the seeds in relation to each other is not affected by the dynamics of the planting unit while moving through a field. The seed is carried out by the bristles from the upper opening 416 to the lower opening 418 with the movement of the seed controlled at all times from the upper opening to the lower opening.
[0061] The lower opening 418 of the distribution system housing is positioned so close to the bottom 446 of the ditch or furrow
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18/26 seed 448 as possible. As shown, the lower opening 418 is near or below the soil surface 432 adjacent to the seed groove. The bottom of the distribution system should be no more than an inch or two, (2.5 to 5 cm) above the ground surface 432. If possible, the bottom end of the distribution system should be below the ground surface 432 The housing edge wall 410 forms an exit ramp 434 in the lower opening 418. The lower opening 418 and the ramp 434 are positioned along the curve in a belt path around the pulley 422. The seed, being transported by distal ends of bristles, increases in linear speed around the pulley 422 as the distal ends of the bristles travel a greater distance around the pulley 422 than the base member 426 of the belt. This speed difference is shown by the two arrows 440 and 442.
[0062] In the discharge, the seed has a speed shown by the horizontal VH. The belt is operated at a speed to produce a horizontal speed component VH, that is, approximately equal to, but in the opposite direction of the front speed of the seeder shown by arrow 408. As a result, the horizontal speed of the seed in relation to the soil is zero or approximately zero. This minimizes seed roll in a seed groove.
[0063] Seeds can be inserted into the brush bristles in an essentially infinite number of positions. This allows the brush to be operated at the speed necessary to produce the desired horizontal speed component for the seed, regardless of the seed population. The seed meter, on the other hand, must be operated at a speed, that is, a function of both the forward travel speed of the sowing machine and the desired seed population. As belt 424 can be loaded with seed in an essentially infinite number of positions, the belt speed can be operated independently
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19/26 of the seed meter speed. This is not the case with other seed delivery systems, such as those described in US patent 6,681,706 where the distribution system of Fig. 2 has a belt with flights to carry the seed. The belt speed must be timed to the gauge speed to ensure that one or more flights pass the gauge for each seed that is discharged from the gauge.
[0064] While it is desirable to match the backward speed of seed to the forward speed of the seeder to minimize the relative speed of seed to the soil, with some types of seed, it may be necessary to operate the brush belt at a different speed to ensure that the seed is discharged from the brush bristles.
[0065] The interior of the lower portion of the distribution system housing is shown in Fig. 19. The distribution system housing 402 is a two-piece housing having an upper housing member 460 and a lower housing member 462. The lower housing member carries lower pulley 422. The lower housing member has an upwardly extending rod portion 464 that slides within a channel formed by walls 466 and 468 in the upper housing member. Springs, not shown, push down the stem portion 464 to request the lower housing member down. Brush belt 424, wound around pulleys 420 and 422, holds the upper and lower housing members together. The belt 424 is tensioned by the springs that act on the stem portion 464. A U-shaped metal strip 470 is attached to the upper housing member 460 and connects the gap 472 between the upper and lower housing members to provide a continuous surface for keep the seed in the housing between the upper opening 416 and the lower opening 418. The metal strip has a tab at the upper end of it folded over and inserted into a slot 474 in the upper housing member 460 to hold the metal strip 470 in the place. If
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If necessary, a fastener, such as a nut and bolt, can be positioned through the stem portion 464 and the upper housing member 460 to secure the upper and lower housing members together.
[0066] Different measuring members can be used for different types of seed. Measuring member 100 is intended for soybeans and other crops planted with an almost closed seed spacing. Maize which is planted at a larger spacing uses a measuring member 200 shown in Figs. 20 and 21. Measuring member 200 is constructed in a similar way as measuring member 100 and similar components are given the same reference numerals with the addition of 100. However, measuring member 200 has half the number of openings 214 as the measuring member 100. To avoid the need to replace the ejector 166 when changing the measuring members, the measuring member 200 has a recess 226 that extends to the side wall 204 on the outer surface 210 of the side wall between each opening 214. The recesses 226 provide clearance for the projections 168 of the ejector 166 which are arranged to be inserted in each opening 114 of the measuring member 100. The recesses 226 are not open to the inner surface 208 of the side wall 204. Thus there are additional projections 228 on the inner surface of side wall 204 between openings 214. Alternatively, projections 228 and blocks 216 can be formed with a single projection extending from the inner surface 208.
[0067] The locking member or guide is shown in another arrangement of the meter and the distribution system described in conjunction with Figs. 22 to 31 from US patent application 12 / 363,968, filed on February 2, 2009. With reference to Fig. 22, a belt meter 1200 is shown schematically to illustrate the relationship of belt 1250 to the frame row unit. The belt 1250 is in a plane, that is, inclined in relation to the three axes, that is, the plane of the belt is inclined in
Petition 870180008010, of 01/30/2018, p. 30/40
21/26 in relation to the vertical plane forwards and backwards, inclined in relation to a vertical transversal plane and inclined in relation to a horizontal plane. Additionally, the seed collection region 1206 is positioned at the lower end of the belt 1250 while the seed release position or location 1208 is located at the upper end of the belt 1250. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 22, the seed is removed from the belt 1250 at the release location by a seed distribution system 1210. The seed distribution system 1210 is similar to the seed distribution system 400 described above containing a brush belt 1312 for picking up and transporting seed. The seed distribution system 1210 moves the seed from the meter belt to the bottom end of the row unit between the groove discs where it is deposited in the groove formed in the soil. Meter 1200 is described completely below with reference to Figs. 23 to 30.
[0068] Meter 1200 has a frame member 1220 in the form of a plate which is mounted to the row unit frame in a suitable manner. The frame member 1220 supports the upper idler pulley 1256 and the lower idler pulley 1260 around which the belt 1250 is wound. A gearbox and drive motor (not shown) are coupled to shaft 264 to drive the pulley 1260 and the belt counterclockwise as seen in Fig. 23 and shown by arrow 1261. The frame member 1220 also carries a vacuum collector 1262 having a hollow inner vacuum chamber 1266. A vacuum port 1263 extends from the opposite side of the vacuum chamber through frame member 1220. Collector 1262 has an outer wall 11268 (Fig. 25) containing a main slot 1270 extending the length of the outer wall. A secondary slot 11272 extends only a small portion of the length of the outer wall.
[0069] The 1250 belt has one side or face of seed coupling
Petition 870180008010, of 01/30/2018, p. 31/40
External 22/26 11251. The belt 1250 includes a row of first openings 11252 that overlaps row 1270 in the collector 1262. The openings 11252 extend through the belt, allowing air to flow through the belt. The belt additionally has a plurality of features 11254 formed as ribs extending from the seed face 1251. Each of the features 1254 for a facing face 1255 shown in Fig. 29 facing in the direction of travel of the belt. In this embodiment, functionality 1254 forms the facing face 1255 which extends outwardly from the seed side 1251 of the belt. In the embodiment shown, functionalities 1254 do not extend laterally to both side edges of the belt, but leave a zone of flat edge 1257 along one edge of the belt. An optional second row of openings 1258 in the belt is positioned to pass over the secondary slot 1272 in the outer wall of the collector 1268. The openings 1258 are in communication only with the vacuum chamber 1266 for the small portion of the path of the openings 1258 over the slot. 1272.
[0070] A 1276 housing is attached to the frame member
1220 and positioned close to the belt 1250. A portion 1277 of the housing 1276 overlaps the flat edge area 1257 of the belt. Housing 1276, belt 1250, and cover 1278 (shown in Fig. 28) form a small chamber 1279 that holds a cluster of seed 1280. A brush 1282 mounted to housing 1276 sweeps across the face 1251 of the belt and seals the chamber 1279 at the location where the belt enters the chamber to prevent seed from escaping from chamber 1279. The seed enters chamber 1279 through a suitable door, not shown, in housing 1276 or housing cover 1278.
[0071] The belt 1250 and housing 1276 form a V-shaped passageway for the seed cluster that extends up the hill in the direction of belt travel. The Facing Faces 1255
Petition 870180008010, of 01/30/2018, p. 32/40
23/26 formed by the belt's 1254 features engage the seed in the cluster to agitate the seed creating a circular flow of the seed as shown by the broken line 1284 of Fig. 24. As the belt forms a side of the V-shaped passage, seed will always remain in contact with the belt regardless of the planter's inclination or skew, as long as sufficient seed is present in the seed cluster. An advantage of the meter is that when the vacuum is turned off, seed on the belt falls back to the seed cluster. This is in contrast to disk gauges where a portion of the seed on the disk above the seed collector will fall to the ground by turning off the vacuum.
[0072] The idler pulley 1256 is supported by a support assembly 1285 in a tube 1286 (Fig. 26). A flange 1288 welded to the tube 1286 is attached to the frame member 1220 by screws 1290. A spacer 1292 is positioned between the flange and the frame member 1220. The idler pulley 1256 has a groove 1294 on its outer periphery which is in line with belt openings 1252. Channels 1296 extend radially through pulley 1256 into an annular chamber 1298 surrounding tube 1286. An opening 1300 in tube 1286 provides communication between chamber 1298 and the hollow interior 1302 of the tube. The tube is connected to the vacuum source where vacuum is applied to the openings 1252 on the belt while the belt travels over the pulley 1256. A fork 1304 is attached to the frame member 1220 with teeth 1306 seated in the groove 1294 on the intermediate pulley. The teeth fill the groove 1294 to cut the vacuum and create the seed release location 1208. The teeth 1306 extend from the seed release location to the vacuum collector in the direction of rotation of the idler pulley to seal the vacuum and the groove in the idler pulley.
[0073] The housing cover 1278 is mounted to the collector and covers the open side of housing 1276 as shown in Fig. 29. An eliminator
Petition 870180008010, of 01/30/2018, p. 33/40
24/26 bend 1310 is mounted to the housing cover and, when mounted, sits on top of the 1250 belt. The 1310 beater is roughly shaped as a wedge and progressively increases in width in the direction of travel of the belt to increase its coverage over the openings 1252. The folds eliminated 1310 cause folds or multiple of the seed to be removed from the belt resulting in a single seed cover each opening 1252.
[0074] In operation, while the belt rotates, the facing face
1255 engages and shakes seed in the seed cluster at the bottom of housing 1276. Seed from the seed cluster will be adhered to the belt at each opening 1252 due to the vacuum applied to the openings from inside the collector 1262 or by positive air pressure on the side of belt seed. Due to the additional slot 1270, the seeds will continue to be retained on the belt as the belt travels from the seed collection region 1206 to the intermediate pulley 1256. Due to the groove in the intermediate pulley, the vacuum is maintained in the openings while the The belt travels around the pulley until the seed and the opening reach the teeth 1306 of the fork 1304. Upon reaching the teeth 1306, the vacuum is terminated and the seed is released from the belt 1250. Alternatively, the seed can be removed mechanically from the belt or removed by a combination of vacuum termination and mechanical removal or the seeds can be removed mechanically while the vacuum is still applied.
[0075] The second row of openings 1258 will also operate to retain a seed in it while opening 1258 travels over the shortest gap 1272. By collecting the seed, openings 1258 act to further agitate the seed cluster. In addition, when the openings 1258 reach the end 273 downstream of the secondary slit 1272, the seed is released from the belt. The release location of opening 1258 causes the seed to pass over one of the openings 1252 while the seed
Petition 870180008010, of 01/30/2018, p. 34/40
25/26 falls. If aperture 1252 fails to collect a seed and is empty, the seed that falls can be retained in it. If opening 1252 is not empty, but on the other hand it has collected multiple seeds, the falling seed can collide with the multiple seeds and assist in the removal of one or more of the multiple seeds. In this way, the falling seed operates to prevent errors in terms of both no seed and multiple seeds at aperture 1252.
[0076] In the seed release position 1208, the seed is transferred from the measuring belt 1252 to the seed distribution system 1210. The seed distribution system 1210 includes an endless member also wrapped around pulleys and contained within a housing 1322. The housing has an upper opening 1324 through which the seed is admitted to the distribution system. The endless member is shown in the form of a brush belt 1312 having bristles 1314 that sweep the face 1251 of the belt 1250 to remove the seed from it. In the seed release position 1208, a transition plate 1316 is positioned adjacent to belt 1250. The transition plate has a first curved edge 1318 that contacts the edge of the belt while the belt travels around the idler pulley. The brush belt bristles will engage a seed in the opening 1252A at the location shown in Fig. 19 and will sweep the seed from the belt and across the face 1320 of the transition plate 1316 in the direction of the arrow 1321. The facing face 1255 behind the opening 1252A it serves as an interruption stop to prevent the brush from reaching the seed of the measuring belt. The confronting face 1255 pushes the seed towards the brush bristles. The downwardly extending flap portion 1323 of the transition plate projects into the housing of the delivery system 1210 to allow the brush to continually trap seed while the seed moves off the belt 1250 over transition plate 1316 and into the distribution system housing where
Petition 870180008010, of 01/30/2018, p. 35/40
26/26 the seed is trapped by the brush bristles and the interior surface of the distribution system housing 1322. A guide 1325 projects from the surface of the transition plate to guide the seed and prevent the seed from being swept off the meter belt prematurely. The guide forms an upright wall having a first portion 1326 adjacent to the seed path on belt 1250 just before release position 1208. A second portion 1328 of the upright wall extends in the direction of seed displacement on brush belt 1312. The seed it must pass the corner or fold 1330 on the upright wall before it is moved off the 1250 meter belt by the seed distribution system.
[0077] The guide 1325 and the locking member 162 ensure the seed entry into the brush belt in a consistent manner and in the same location by the width of the brush belt. Consistent removal of the seed from the meter into the seed distribution system helps to improve the accuracy of seed placement in the furrow in the soil.
[0078] Having described the meter and the distribution system, it will be apparent that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the attached claims.

权利要求:
Claims (12)
[1]
1. Planting unit (14) for a sowing machine (10) with a blocking member (162) and a seed meter (24), the seed meter (24) having a measuring member (100) that moves seed sequentially along a first path to a release position (164) in which the seed is moving in a first direction;
a distribution system (400) adapted to take the seed from the measuring member (100) in the release position (164) and move the seed from the seed meter (24) to a discharge location (413) adjacent to a seed groove (448) formed in the soil below the sowing machine (10), the distribution system (400), in the release position (164), moving seed in a second direction transverse to the first direction, along a second path ;
characterized by:
the blocking member (162) with a surface, located adjacent to the first path immediately preceding the release position (164) to prevent movement of the seed in the second direction until the seed has passed through the blocking member (162).
[2]
2. Planting unit (14) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the second direction is at an angle between 35 ° to 80 ° in relation to the first direction as seen in a plane containing seed direction vectors in the measuring member (100) and in the distribution system (400) in the release position (164).
[3]
Planting unit (14) according to claim 1, characterized in that the distribution system (400) additionally comprises a brush belt (424) having bristles (428) that sweep over the measuring member (100 ) in the release position (164) to take the seed from the measuring member (100) and move the seed in the second direction
Petition 870180072528, of 08/17/2018, p. 5/7
2/3 along the second path.
[4]
Planting unit (14) according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the measuring member (100) includes a projection (116) dragging seed along the first path and adapted to propel seed to the bristles (428 ) of the brush belt (424).
[5]
5. Planting unit (14) according to claim 4, characterized by the fact that the seed enters the brush at an angle to the bristles (428).
[6]
6. Planting unit (14) according to claim 5, characterized by the fact that the seed enters the brush at distal ends of the bristles (428).
[7]
7. Planting unit (14) according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that the projections (116) of the measuring member (100) travel additionally to the brush bristles (428) while the projections (116) cross a brush width.
[8]
8. Planting unit (14) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the measuring member (100) has a side wall (104) with internal and external surfaces (108, 110) with openings (114) that extend through the side wall (104) and are adapted to adhere seed to the openings (114) to move the seed along the first path, and where in the release position (164) the inner surface (108) faces downwards while the seed hangs below the side wall (104).
[9]
9. Planting unit (14) according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the measuring member (100) has a side wall (104) with internal and external surfaces (108, 110) with openings (114) that extend through the side wall (104) and adapted to adhere seed to the openings (114) to move the seed along the first path, and an ejector (166) having a projection (116) adapted to extend
Petition 870180072528, of 08/17/2018, p. 6/7
3/3 for the openings (114) in the release position (164) from the outer surface (110) to propel seed from the openings (114).
[10]
Planting unit (14) according to claim 9, characterized by means for requesting the ejector (166) towards the external surface (110) of the measuring member (100).
[11]
11. Planting unit (14) according to claim 9, characterized by the fact that the ejector (166) is a wheel that has a plurality of projections (116) that extend radially and rotate on the external surface (110) of the measuring member (100) with projections (116) that extend into the openings (114) of the measuring member (100) in the release position (164).
[12]
Planting unit (14) according to claim 9, characterized in that the distribution system (400) comprises a brush belt (424) having bristles (428) that sweep over the measuring member (100) in the release position (164) to take the seed from the measuring member (100) and move the seed in the second direction along the second path, the measuring member and the distribution system (400) arranged in relation to each other so that the seed enters the brush at an angle to the bristles (428).

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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BR112013024396A2|2016-08-23|

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CN103619159A|2014-03-05|

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AR084207A1|2013-04-24|

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USRE48572E1|2021-06-01|

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WO2012134523A1|2012-10-04|

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US8671856B2|2014-03-18|

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CN103619159B|2017-09-29|

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EP2688381B1|2016-10-19|

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RU2013145876A|2015-04-27|

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EP2688381A4|2015-07-08|

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US20140196642A1|2014-07-17|

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US9510502B2|2016-12-06|

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EP2688381A1|2014-01-29|

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CA2831041A1|2012-10-04|

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US20120067260A1|2012-03-22|

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MX2013011024A|2013-12-06|

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法律状态:
2017-11-07| B07A| Technical examination (opinion): publication of technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette]|

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2018-06-05| B06A| Notification to applicant to reply to the report for non-patentability or inadequacy of the application [chapter 6.1 patent gazette]|

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2018-11-13| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2018-12-26| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 02/09/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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US13/072,175|US8671856B2|2009-02-02|2011-03-25|Planting unit for a seeding machine having blocking member to control hand-off of seed from a seed meter to a seed delivery system|

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US13/072175|2011-03-25|

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PCT/US2011/050357|WO2012134523A1|2011-03-25|2011-09-02|Planting unit for a seeding machine having blocking member to control hand-off|

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